Integra STEM Journal

ANALISIS STATIK LINEAR STRUKTUR CRANE MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA BERBASIS SIMULASI BEAM PADA BERBAGAI MATERIAL DAN KONDISI PEMBEBANAN

An-nisa Magnolia — 2024-12-07

This study aims to analyze the crane structure using the Finite Element Method based on SimScale. The focus of this research is on evaluating the distribution of Von Mises stress and deformation caused by variations in material, boundary conditions, and linear static loading. A 3D crane model is analyzed with a fixed support configuration and external force applied at the main load point. The simulation results show that the maximum stress remains below the yield strength limit of steel material, with the largest displacement occurring at the crane hook point. Multi-material analysis reveals that steel is more optimal compared to aluminum and concrete for high-load applications. Design optimization through the addition of local stiffeners effectively reduces stress and extends the structural lifespan. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of the Finite Element Method as a tool for engineering, validation, and optimization of crane structures, supporting the industrial need for more efficient and safer crane designs.

ANALISIS VARIASI SUHU DAN ARUS PADA ELEKTROPLATING CU DENGAN ANODA AL PADA LARUTAN NI DAN AGNO₃ MENGGUNAKAN METODE POTENSIOSTATIK

Nindya Indah Kusumawardani — 2024-12-07

This study investigates the effects of temperature and electric current on the aluminum (Al) elektroplating process onto copper (Cu) substrates using nickel- (Ni) and silver-based (AgNO₃) electrolyte systems under potentiostatic control. The analysis emphasizes current stability, voltage response, and the structural quality of the deposited metal layer on the cathode surface. Elektroplating was performed at two temperature conditions—ambient temperature and 40 °C—with applied potentiostatic currents ranging from 0 to 0.2 A. The nickel electrolyte consisted of NiSO₄, NiCl₂, and H₃BO₃, while AgNO₃ and KCN served as the components of the silver electrolyte. The findings reveal that temperature exerts a significant influence on the deposition rate and uniformity of the coating; elevating the temperature to 40 °C enhances reaction kinetics and yields a smoother and more homogeneous surface. Variations in electric current further affect the thickness and morphological quality of the deposit, where higher current intensities accelerate deposition but may induce surface irregularities. Overall, the potentiostatic technique demonstrated reliable control over the electrochemical deposition process, making it an effective approach for assessing the relationship between electrical parameters and the quality of the resulting metallic coating.

ANALISIS KEGAGALAN SHAFT PADA GEARBOX FLENDER B2SH10D

Syaipudin Anwar Anwar — 2024-12-08

This study aims to analyze shaft failure in the Flender B2SH10D gearbox used in the coal distribution system. Failure of this shaft is a significant problem that disrupts the coal loading process. The results of the analysis show that the main cause of shaft failure is the high torsional load received by the output shaft, reaching 27,679 Nm, which causes high stress concentration on the keyway. This is exacerbated by misalignment between the motor and gearbox and humid environmental conditions, which accelerate the corrosion process on the shaft. The failure that occurred was a fatigue fracture, which began with microcracks in the stress concentration area and then developed into a total fracture due to repeated cyclic loads. The recommendations given include the use of shaft materials with higher fatigue resistance, the implementation of better preventive maintenance, and the use of optimal lubrication methods to prevent similar incidents in the future. This research is expected to serve as a reference for improving the performance and reliability of gearboxes in the future.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRINSIP BANGUNAN TROPIS PADA MASJID BAITUS SHOBUR ISLAMIC CENTER TULANG BAWANG BARAT

Arthalia Brilian Humairah — 2024-12-08

Mosques serve not only as places of worship but also as communal spaces, ideally providing thermal comfort for users, particularly in humid tropical climates such as Indonesia. However, many modern mosques still face challenges including elevated indoor temperatures, suboptimal ventilation, and a lack of tropical design strategies. A research gap exists due to the limited comprehensive studies analyzing the application of tropical architectural principles in large-scale mosques through a microclimate-based evaluative approach. This study aims to assess the extent to which the Baitus Shobur Islamic Center Mosque in Tulang Bawang Barat implements tropical design principles and to evaluate thermal comfort levels based on temperature, humidity, and the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). The methodology includes observation, visual documentation, field measurements using a 5-in-1 meter at three time intervals (07:30, 13:00, and 16:00), and data analysis using the Miles & Huberman approach. The results indicate that most tropical elements, such as cross ventilation, pitched roofs with extended overhangs, and vegetation layout, have been effectively applied, while the highest thermal condition occurs at 13:00 with THI slightly above the comfort threshold. This study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of tropical architectural principles in mosques and offers design recommendations to enhance thermal comfort in humid tropical climates.

ANALISIS NUMERIK DALAM OPTIMASI PRODUKSI KARTON PADA INDUSTRI MANUFAKTUR

Maulana Wahyu Ayatullah — 2024-12-08

The cardboard manufacturing industry faces competitive pressures that demand increased efficiency through a data-driven approach. This study analyzes the cardboard production process at a factory in Lampung using numerical methods, namely linear regression, Newton interpolation, and trapezoidal numerical integrals. Daily production data in the form of raw material consumption, printed carton output, and waste generation are processed to model mathematical relationships and generate production performance predictions. Linear regression is used to model the correlation between raw material consumption and printed carton output, Newton interpolation is utilized to estimate production results at unmeasured data points, and trapezoidal integrals are used to calculate waste accumulation over a certain period. The analysis results show that the regression model has a good fit to production trends, while the interpolation and numerical integral techniques provide fast and accurate estimates to support operational decisions. The results of this study confirm that numerical methods can be an effective tool in industrial process optimization, especially in waste control and improving raw material efficiency.

ANALISIS NUMERIK PENGARUH KOEFISIEN KONVEKSI TERHADAP LAJU PERPINDAHAN PANAS PADA BATANG SILINDER BESI PEJAL

Angga Darma Prabowo — 2024-12-08

This study conducts a numerical analysis using ANSYS Fluent to evaluate the influence of convection coefficient (h) on temperature distribution and heat transfer rate in a solid iron cylindrical rod with annular fins based on 2D simulation. The 2D planar model incorporates a cylinder length of 100 mm, diameter of 10 mm, fin height of 10 mm, and fin spacing of 10 mm. Boundary conditions include a fixed temperature of 300°C at both ends and variable convection coefficients (h=2, 3, 4 W/m²·K) on the cylinder and fin surfaces with an ambient temperature of 25°C. Results indicate a decrease in average cylinder temperature from 284.36°C (h=2) to 270.7°C (h=4), with temperature distribution contours showing steeper axial gradients at higher h values. The heat transfer rate increases linearly with h, reaching an estimated 9.83 W at h=4. These findings highlight the role of annular fins in enhancing cooling efficiency, with implications for heat exchanger and passive thermal system designs.

PENGARUH MATERIAL PENYERAPAN SUARA TERHADAP KENYAMANAN AKUSTIK, STUDI KASUS: BIOSKOP XXI MALL BOEMI KEDATON BANDAR LAMPUNG

Muhammad Fadhel Arya Genendra — 2024-12-11

The acoustic quality of cinema auditoriums is strongly influenced by the selection and configuration of interior materials, particularly in controlling reverberation time (RT60). However, many cinemas apply sound-absorbing materials excessively, resulting in overly dry acoustic conditions that fall outside recommended standards. Existing studies rarely provide a comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of material performance in relation to RT60 requirements, creating a significant research gap. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the existing acoustic materials in Studio 5 of Boemi Kedaton XXI Cinema and to propose material interventions that achieve the ideal RT60 range of 0.8–1.2 seconds. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, involving RT60 calculations using the Sabine formula, material observation, spatial measurement, and simulation of revised material configurations. Absorption coefficient values were referenced from national standards and established acoustic literature. The results show that the current RT60 value is 0.364 seconds, which is far below the recommended range due to the dominant use of high-absorption materials such as rockwool panels, glasswool ceilings, carpeted floors, and fabric-covered seating. Simulated interventions— including the reduction of high-frequency absorbers, the addition of reflective wooden panels, wooden diffusers, and perforated Helmholtz panels—effectively balanced the total absorption and moved the RT60 value closer to the ideal standard. This study contributes a quantitative framework for evaluating cinema acoustic design and offers material optimization strategies that can be adopted in other film-screening spaces to achieve improved and consistent acoustic performance.

EVALUASI PENURUNAN VIBRASI MOTOR BUCKET ELEVATOR 51BE125-M2 PASCA PENGUATAN STRUKTUR

Akbar Musa Nugraha — 2024-12-13

The cement industry requires high operational reliability, particularly in the kiln area where clinker formation occurs. One of the critical components supporting this process is the bucket elevator drive motor. The 51BE125-M2 motor at Baturaja II Plant operates under heavy load and high-temperature conditions, making it susceptible to increased vibration that may trigger mechanical failures such as misalignment, unbalance, structural looseness, and bearing damage. Initial measurements indicated that the motor’s vibration level was within the hazardous category based on ISO 10816, accompanied by harmonic components in the FFT spectrum that signaled structural looseness in the foundation and motor mount. This study analyzes the effect of structure reinforcement on reducing motor vibration by comparing conditions before and after corrective actions. A quantitative experimental method was employed, with vibration measurements taken using VIBXpert II in three directions (horizontal, vertical, and axial). Corrective actions included retightening foundation bolts, installing reinforcement plates, repairing mounting gaps, welding weakened points, and realigning the motor base. Post-repair measurements showed a significant reduction in RMS vibration values and the disappearance of 2×–4×RPM harmonics. According to ISO 10816 classification, the motor’s condition shifted from a hazardous zone to a safe zone. The findings confirm that structural reinforcement is effective in reducing vibration and enhancing the operational reliability of the bucket elevator.

PENGARUH PERUBAHAN TATA GUNA LAHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN DEBIT LIMPASAN DI KAWASAN BUKIT SIGUNTANG KOTA PALEMBANG

Muhammad Tohry Ramadiansyah — 2024-12-13

This study aims to identify the effect of land use changes on the increase in runoff discharge in the Bukit Siguntang area, Palembang City, for five years, namely in 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024. The method used in this study is spatial analysis using ArcGIS software version 10.8 to classify changes and using the Rational method to calculate runoff discharge. The results show that land use changes from green open space to built-up areas have increased the runoff coefficient, with an increase in runoff discharge having increased from 2019 to 2024 in all return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years). The increase in peak discharge ranged from 4.17% to 43.47%, which shows a large influence of land use changes on surface runoff. The results of the land use analysis of the Bukit Siguntang area from 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 experienced quite significant changes, marked by a reduction in the area of natural vegetation and an increase in the area of built-up land, such as buildings and hardened surfaces.

STUDI PERBANDINGAN KONSUMSI BBM DAN EMISI GAS BUANG PADA ARMADA OJEK ONLINE : STUDI KASUS MOTOR KARBURATOR DAN INJEKSI

Faris Humami — 2024-12-14

The increase in the number of online motorcycle taxi fleets at the University of Lampung has impacted fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, affecting air quality. This study aims to compare fuel efficiency and exhaust emissions between online motorcycle taxis using carburetor and injection systems. Data were collected from 40 motorcycle units, consisting of 20 carburetor-based and 20 injection-based motorcycles. Fuel consumption was measured using the full-to-full method, while exhaust emissions were tested using a portable gas analyzer for CO (carbon monoxide) and HC (hydrocarbons) parameters. The results showed that motorcycles with injection systems were more fuel-efficient, achieving 45 km/liter, while carburetor-based motorcycles only reached 38 km/liter. Furthermore, CO and HC emissions from carburetor motorcycles simultaneously 2.41 g/Km and 190 mg/Km were higher and exceeded the recommended limits. In conclusion, injection motorcycles perform better in terms of energy efficiency and environmental impact, providing a basis for online motorcycle taxi drivers and campus transportation policies that support environmental sustainability.