PERAN GURU PAI DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER DAN KEPRIBADIAN SISWA DITINJAU DARI ASPEK PSIKOLOGI PENDIDIKAN

Abstract

This study examines how Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers at SD Negeri 01 Kota Pemalang apply a psychological approach in their teaching practices. The aim is to understand how teachers implement this approach in the learning process and its impact on the formation of students’ character and attitudes. The study employs a descriptive qualitative method through observations and interviews with three PAI teachers and forty fifth- and sixth-grade students. The findings show that PAI teachers utilize reflective, humanistic, and constructivist approaches. These approaches emphasize emotional connection, relevance to students’ personal experiences, and exemplary behavior (uswah hasanah). By applying psychological approaches, character values such as honesty, responsibility, empathy, self-control, and discipline in worship improved significantly. The average increase in character values ranged from 20–25%. Honesty increased by 23%, responsibility by 25%, empathy and tolerance by 20%, self-control by 25%, and worship discipline by 24%. The overall average increase across all aspects was approximately 23.4%. These findings indicate that PAI teachers who understand students’ psychology can create meaningful and effective learning experiences that foster students’ religiosity. This approach also aligns with the concept of Social Emotional Learning (SEL), which emphasizes a balance between cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects.